What are your guidelines for transcription?

Section One: Most Common Requirements

These are the transcription guidelines we provide to our transcriptionists. Our goal is to capture all spoken English audio content only and transcribe it into clean verbatim text format. If your media contains only song lyrics, or a foreign language is spoken with subtitles on screen, the transcript should be [MUSIC] or [FOREIGN] respectively. We encourage customers to provide special guidelines if a different format is required.

Rule	Instruction	Example
Clean Verbatim Transcription Your transcripts provide captions for deaf and hard of hearing viewers!	Transcribe the audio content exactly as heard, but leave out Disfluencies (um, uh, ah, eh); Filler words (hm, you know, like); Stutters, stammers, unnecessary repetitions, and false starts (where the speaker changes idea mid-sentence). Exceptions: Nonconsecutive repeated phrases should not be removed Leave deliberate repetitions in the transcript. Use correct American English spelling and grammar. No exceptions. When transcribing dialogue, leave out any filler words that interrupt the primary speaker.  *You may be directed to transcribe True Verbatim (transcribe exactly as said) on jobs with Special Guidelines pop-ups	Spoken: I, i, It, it, was in two, 2000, uh, 2015. Transcribe as: It was in 2015. Spoken: Person 1: I, I, I was um, uh, wa- waiting outside and it was sooo cold, ya know? The sky was the colour of slate- Person 2: Hm. Person 1: And I had this idear… Transcribe as: I was waiting outside and it was so cold. The sky was the color of slate and I had this idea, Spoken: I don't think, Paul, I don't think that's the case. Transcribe as: I don't think, Paul, I don't think that's the case
Transcript Format  Beginning of HIT End of HIT	Always capitalize the first letter of the first word in a HIT, even if it's not the start of a sentence. Always close a HIT with a period, unless you're sure that it's the middle of a sentence, then leave it open or with a comma. Never close a hit with a dash (- or --) or ellipses (...).	To send the report. I need it by tomorrow morning at We will call them back tomorrow.
Transcript Style Consistency is key!	Use the video to guide style, formatting (i.e. capitalization), and spelling in your transcript. If the speaker references something on screen, transcribe it as shown. Transcribe elements of a computer interface as they appear on screen.
Sentence Format Beginning Punctuation Interruptions Dialogue Spacing Sentence Breaks	Always capitalize the first letter of the first word. Separate sentences with a period. Use a dash to indicate an abrupt interruption mid-sentence by another speaker. Never use a dash to indicate a stutter. Leave out stutters in Clean Verbatim. With spoken dialogue do not transcribe verbal tics (like habitual mm-hms) that interrupt the primary speaker’s sentence. Use a single space between sentences. Break up run-on compound sentences, and join fragments into complete sentences when possible.  Do your best to make coherent sentences out of the speaker’s speech patterns. It is perfectly acceptable to start a sentence with ‘And’ or ‘But’ in transcripts.	So tomorrow we will see the Challenger- >> Yes, the Challenger Jobs Report. Spoken: >> But before I can do the install, I- > >> Mm-hm. >> Have to first make sure the server is up- >> Mm-hm. >> And running and then Transcribe as: But before I can do the install, I have to first make sure the server is up and running and then Spoken: Now you can see that once again we've got, you know, the preview going on if I click submit you can see that it does not ah, make uh, it, it doesn't make a request, and query string, you can see actually, that when I click submit, uh actually, it's gonna, you know, make the network request in the background. Transcribe as: Now you can see that once again we've got the preview going on. If I click submit you can see that it does not make a request, and query string. You can see actually, that when I click submit, actually, it's gonna make the network request in the background.
Names and Industry Jargon	All person, product, and company names must be spelled and formatted correctly. If unsure of the spelling, Google the word. Capitalize all place names and proper nouns. Exception: Some company, software and other names are not capitalized or contain unique titles with numbers etc. Represent them as they represent themselves. Note that the logo is separate from the company name.	Massachusetts, freemium The people working at Apple are very nice. W3 Communication is located over there. My iPod is broken.
Speaker Change Flag for tasks with Multiple Speakers	Each time there is a new speaker in the media, indicate the change with a double chevron >> If only one speaker, do not use a >> in the transcript. If more than one person is talking at the same time, use your best judgment as to where to put the >>. Where the dialogue is not transcribable due to overlap use [CROSSTALK]. Use >> to indicate a change in speaker with human-made sounds like [LAUGH], [COUGH], [APPLAUSE], etc.	Hey Charlie. >> Hello Amy, how are you? >> Just fine Charlie. >> [LAUGH]
Punctuation Marks	Do not use quotation marks (“ “), semi-colons (;), colons (:), ellipses (…), em-dashes (--)  Exception: If specifically shown on-screen in a title or a line of code, then these punctuation marks may be included.	I was talking to him and he said yeah, I'd love to go see The Wizard of Oz.
Silence, Sounds and Non-Verbal noises All plot-relevant audio content should be recorded in your transcript.	Use one tag per uninterrupted period of silence, sound, music, or non-verbal noises. Use bbb (for BLANK_AUDIO) when there is no audio, silence, or non-relevant sounds (like static) for greater than 2 seconds in a clip. Use mmm (for MUSIC) to indicate music and singing in the media. Do not use this for background music played simultaneously with speaker. Insert a music tag when there is only music or song for more than 2 seconds in the media. Use speaker changes with ccc (for COUGH), lll (for LAUGH), aaa (for APPLAUSE), etc. Use sss (for SOUND) or nnn (for NOISE) for distinct, plot-relevant noises in transcripts. Use Aah! to indicate a scream.	Check your sound settings before submitting [BLANK_AUDIO]. All sound tag shortcuts available on the right side of media tool. Do not make up your own tags. Spoken: I know that we all want to work towards equality, (audience applauds for a second or two, overlapping the speaker's next word or phrase] but it's not always easy when Transcribe as: I know that we all want to work towards equality, >> [APPLAUSE] >> But it's not always easy when
Static In Audio	Ignore it. Don't type sss to denote sound. If the clip is nothing but static, then use bbb.	[BLANK_AUDIO]
Noisy Lecture Halls	Ignore it. Don't type sss or nnn to denote the noise. (It is not relevant to the content of the lecture) If the clip contains unintelligble crowd noise, please use bbb.	[BLANK_AUDIO]
Audio Issues and Cut Off Words	If the audio quality is too challenging, please skip the HIT. If the cut-off word is obvious based on the portion of it you heard and the context of the sentence, then complete the word. If you cannot discern the cut-off word, type iii or [INAUDIBLE]. If the word is cut off at the beginning and you can't hear it, do not type anything.

 

Section Two: Spelling & Grammar

1. Accepted Spellings

As part of Clean Verbatim transcripts, spelling should adhere to the following rules:

Correct	Incorrect	Example
All right	Alright	All right, are we ready to get started?
Okay / OK button	Kay, ok, Mkay	Okay, when you’re ready to get started click OK.
Mm-hm	Mmm hmm, Mmhmm,	Mm-hm, I agree. Mm-hm.
Uh-huh	Uh huh, Uhuh	Uh-huh, I understand you.
etc.	etcetera	Use webinars for classes, presentations, sales, etc.

  

2. Accepted Slang

Our system will automatically correct the following slang terms, transcribe them as spoken.  Example: speaker says "kinda", transcribe as kinda not kind of. If they say "kind of", transcribe as kind of.

If not included in this list, please transcribe the full, correct word as shown in your favorite dictionary.  Example: speaker says ‘em, always transcribe as them.

Correct	Incorrect
Yeah	Ya, yea
Cuz	Cause, cus
Yep	Yip, yeap
Gonna	Going To
Kinda	Kind of
Sorta	Sort of
Wanna	Want to
Gotta	Got to

 

3. Contractions

Rule	Instruction	Example
We'll vs. Well	1. We'll is a contraction of we will, without the apostrophe, well, has a different meaning.	1a. We'll meet in the morning. 1b. You have done well on this assignment.
Let’s vs. Lets	2. Let's is a contraction for let us, without the apostrophe, lets, is a synonym for allows.	2a. Let's go to the beach tomorrow  2b. This ski pass lets you ski all season.
I'm vs. Im	3. I'm is a contraction of I am, i’m and Im are not correct.	3. I'm looking forward to the weekend.
Should’ve vs. Should of	4. Should’ve is a contraction of should have, should of is not correct.	4. You should’ve been there, it was awesome!
Who’s vs. Whose	5. Who’s is a contraction of who is, whose is a possessive of who.	I know a woman whose kids study there. >> Who’s that?

 

4. Homophones

Rule	Instruction	Example
It’s Its	‘It's’ is a contraction of the words it is. ‘Its’ is a possessive pronoun.	It's cold out today. The dog is looking for its owner.
Your You’re	The word ‘your’ is the possessive form of you ‘You're’ is a contraction of the words you are.	Your dog is so playful. You're welcome.
There Their They’re	Use ‘there’ when referring to a location or direction. Use ‘their’ to indicate possession. ‘They're’ is a contraction of the words they are.	He is over there. I accidentally crashed into their car. They're going to be happy to hear the good news.
To Too Two	‘To’ indicates direction or action. ‘Too’ means also, very or excessively. ‘Two’ is a number.	Please go to the store. This class is too difficult. I have two young children.
Then Than	Then refers to time. Than is usually used to indicate comparisons.	He was about to leave, but then got distracted. She is more helpful than you.

 

Section Three: Punctuation

Rule	Instruction	Example
General Punctuation	Use proper punctuation whenever possible. Begin all HITs with a capital letter, end all HITs with a period. Exception: If you are confident the HIT ends mid-sentence leave the sentence without punctuation.
Discouraged Punctuation Marks	Em-dash -- Ellipses … Quotation Marks “ “ Semi-colon ; Colon : Exception: When punctuation is shown on screen in computer programming media, on-screen formatting takes precedence over punctuation rules.	I just read The Hunger Games. She said my email address is [e-mail].
Speaker Interruption	Use an en-dash to indicate a mid-sentence interruption by a second speaker Do not use an en-dash if the speaker interrupts him/herself.	Jiminy Crick-   >> Oh my!
Punctuation and Numbers	Do not use an apostrophe with ages or decades. Do not use a dash with number ranges, spell out ‘to’ or ‘through’.	The 60s were an exciting time in the US. You should exercise every day for 30 to 40 minutes.
Sentence Style & Breakpoints	Break up run-on sentences. Join sentence fragments. Think about how your sentences will be displayed on screen as video captions. Hint: Generally 40-60 characters is the optimal sentence length. Ideal Transcript: Okay, now you can see that once again we've got the preview going on. If I click Submit you can see that it does not make a request.	Too long: Okay, now you can see that once again we've got the preview going on, if I click Submit you can see that it does not make a request. Too short: Okay. Now you can see that once again. We’ve got the preview going on. If I click Submit. You can see that it does not make a request.

 

Section Four: Numbers

Write out numbers zero through ten, numbers above ten represent with numerical digits.

Rule	Instruction	Example
Writing Out Numbers zero through ten	Write out all numbers zero through ten, unless they are part of the following: Court rulings (4-3), Sports records (10-7-0), Height measurements (6'9") Mathematical or scientific equations or computer code (transcribe as seen in lecture slides) Time (12:15PM) List (1. Sign up 2. Log in...) Biblical references (John 3:16) Storage units (1 GB) Binary (0101) Dates (April 7th, 2015)	These are two of the ideas that I want to share. Spoken: Two times two equals four. Shown on screen: 2 x 2 = 4 Transcribe as: 2 x 2 = 4.
Numerals for Numbers 11 and above	Write numerically all numbers between 11 and above. For numbers above 999,999, substitute million, billion, etc. for the zeros.	Their tour will stop in 21 cities around North America. This new policy will affect roughly 400,000 people in New Mexico. She’s got 1 million new followers on Twitter.
Imprecise Number Amounts	For imprecise numerical amounts spell out the numbers. This applies when the speaker is estimating or using an exaggeration which is not intended to be a precise quantity.	Spoken: We need to raise a hundred dollars. Transcribe as: We need to raise $100. Spoken: The team raised a few hundred dollars. Transcribe as: The team raised a few hundred dollars. Spoken: I've got about a billion things to do today. Transcribe as: I've got about a billion things to do today.
Range of Numbers and Consistency	Do Not use a dash, always spell out “to” Use consistent formatting within sentences,  use numerals (when at least one of the numbers is over 10) for quantities with related units, lists, or numbers with a statistical relationship.	The President will need 60 to 70% approval rating in the polls. Skip ahead 10 to 20 frames and click Play.
Ordinal Numbers – First, Second, Third, etc.	Spell out the word for first through tenth. Use numerals for 11th and above.	I will be visiting their second grade class on June 25th. She was first woman admitted in the 19th century.
Roman Numerals	Use Roman numerals to describe sequences like in wars, events, or people.	World War II, King John II, Super Bowl XLIX
Percentages	Use the numeral followed by ‘%’, unless speaker uses a fraction of a percent. Exception: Do not use ‘%’ if a number is not associated with it.	57% What percent correct do I need to get an A in this class? Spoken: We’re seeing an increase of a quarter of a percent versus last year’s increase of twelve percent. Transcribe as: We’re seeing an increase of a quarter of a percent versus last year’s increase of 12%.
Decimal Numbers	If the number is less than one, then use a leading 0 before the decimal point.	0.7 seconds, 0.5%
Year	No apostrophe necessary when referencing the time period.	The 1980s, the 60s
Age	Don’t add zeros when referencing age range or quantity.	She is probably in her thirties. He wrote hundreds of pages.

 

Section Five: Sound Quickies

Sound Quickies are for representing nonverbal parts of media. There are several rules to follow;

• Use sound tags to indicate sound, noise, music, or periods of silence in transcripts. One tag per section of uninterrupted sound.
• Transcribe all plot-relevant sounds, music, blank audio to describe the audio content of the media. For example, if the HIT is primarily a gun fight with the musical soundtrack played simultaneously in the background, transcribe [NOISE] for the gunfight, ignore the music.
• Type short code in all lowercase letters mmm and all Tags in uppercase [MUSIC]. All else will be incorrect.
• Do not add punctuation after standalone sound tags.

Rule	Instruction	Example
Blank Audio Blank Audio tags are imperative for correct timing of video captions.	Use when there is silence, no plot-relevant audio, or just static in a HIT. Example: If a professor is flipping pages, typing, writing on the board, or clicking through slides this should be blank audio, not sound. Verify that the video has loaded correctly and that computer audio settings are correct. OR use [BLANK_AUDIO] to indicate a lapse of 2 or more seconds or more of no speech.	bbb or [BLANK_AUDIO] Spoken: So now you see I’ll add in twenty pixels (typing noise for 1 second) of padding on each side (typing noise for 4 seconds) there you go On screen: padding: 20px; Transcribe as: So now you see I’ll add in 20px of padding on each side. [BLANK_AUDIO] There you go.
Indiscernible Audio (Try to use as rarely as possible)	Notation can be used to replace one word, or a phrase that cannot be heard. Incorrect Format examples: [iii], (iii), Iii, III, sp, sp?, [sp], xx, [x], etc	iii or [INAUDIBLE]
Crosstalk (Two or more speakers talking at once)	Use when two or more speakers talk simultaneously and their words cannot be distinguished. Incorrect:   tt, TTT, (??), etc.	ttt or [CROSSTALK]
Unknown (Try to use as rarely as possible)	If absolutely not sure of the word, use uuu or [UNKNOWN].	uuu or [UNKNOWN]
Guess You’re making a reasonable spelling guess based on the sound or context.	Phonetically spell the word and append /g to the end. Google for correct spelling before using /g.	Onomatopoeia/g
Laugh	Speaker laughs or giggles. May be mid-sentence or a standalone tag. Use a speaker change between laugher and previous speaker.	lll or [LAUGH] Spoken: So I told him to bugger off (second speaker laughs) or I'd have him arrested before he could say boo Transcribe as: So I told him to bugger off- >> [LAUGH] >> Or I'd have him arrested before he could say boo.
Music or singing	Insert a music tag when there is only music or song for more than 2 seconds in the media. Do NOT insert tag when music is playing in the background, simultaneous to speech. Lyrics should only be transcribed when a pop-up message specifically instructs you to transcribe lyrics. If in doubt, only use a [MUSIC] tag.	mmm or [MUSIC]
Sound (Heard Phone Beep, Mechanical Noises, Distinct Background Sounds, sighs, non-verbal utterances etc.)	Use for distinct sounds. Do not use for static. Type bbb for all static or noisy lecture hall sounds. Do not insert tag when sound is playing in the background of speaker talking. Do not create your own sound tags for specific noises or human-made sounds.	sss or [SOUND] or nnn or [NOISE]
Cough (Cough or throat clearing noise)	Use for coughing or throat clearing, mid-sentence or in a stand-alone sentence. Do not transcribe if cougher is off-screen (i.e. if unidentified student coughs mid-lecture) Use a speaker change flag to distinguish between cougher and previous speaker.	ccc or [COUGH]
Foreign Language	Use in place of any language other than English, even if you are able to understand the foreign language. You may be asked to copy English subtitles when prompted by Special Guidelines, no FOREIGN tag necessary in this case. Use a speaker change flag to indicate a change in speaker, even if in foreign language.	fff or [FOREIGN] Spoken: He has a certain joie de vivre about him. Transcribe as: He has a certain joie de vivre about him Spoken: Je vois pas trop le rapport avec Marseille, mais bon, je vais cliquer sur. Marseille dans le Rhône, et là! Transcribe as: [FOREIGN]
Applause	Use for group clapping or cheering. Incorrect Format examples: [applause] AAA (cheering)	aaa or [APPLAUSE]
Bleep	Use only when media bleeps over an expletive. Do not use if expletive is spoken in the media. Incorrect Format examples: [xxx] (bleep)	xxx or [BLEEP]

 

Section Six: Currency and Time

Rule	Instruction	Example
Dollars and Cents	Do not write “dollars” use $ sign for a quantifiable amount. When less than $1 use the format $0.xx.	I owe you $12 for lunch today. The startup raised $1.2 million in round one. The profit margin is $0.50 per unit.
Bucks	If the speaker says ‘bucks’ instead of 'dollars’, spell out bucks.	25 bucks
Foreign Currency	When transcribing foreign currency, type out the word for it, rather than the symbol.	I just visited England and I have 100 pounds left over from the trip.
AM and PM	Use AM and PM not a.m. and p.m. If the time is on the hour, transcribe without :00	1:17 PM or 1 PM
12 o’clock	If the speaker says o’clock transcribe it as heard.	12 o’clock not 12:00 o’clock
Military Time	If spoken as x hundred hours, use the 00:00 format.	17:00 hours

Section Seven: Math & Science

Capture the audio content of the HIT in your transcript, use the video to guide your formatting of any numbers, variables or terms that the speaker references.

Go by audio first, use video for clarifications.

Rule	Instruction	Example
Equations	Transcribe the equation as spoken, by the speaker. Use the video to guide your formatting, spacing, and capitalization. Try to match your transcript to the video as much as possible. Exception: cielo24 transcripts do not support the following symbols: Subscripts/superscripts (transcribe side-by-side p0) Greek letters (spell out pi, rho) Fractions (two-thirds) Special Characters like integral, derivative, square root.	Spoken: The slope of the secant line through a, f of a, and a second point a plus h f of a plus h provides an approximation when h is small. Shown on screen: The slope of the secant line through (a, f(a)) and a second point (a + h, f(a+h)) provides an approximation when h is small. Transcribe as: The slope of the secant line through (a, f(a)) and a second point (a + h, f(a+h)) provides an approximation when h is small.
Notations (+,-,x, /)	If not shown on screen, transcribe the spoken word instead of the symbol. (In math equations, still keep numbers as numerals even if under 10.)	Multiplication: 4 times 7 equals 28. Division: 28 divided by 4 equals 7. Addition: 2 plus 2 equals 4. Subtraction: 2 minus 2 equals 0.
Squared, Cubed, Power etc.	For all equations involving exponential numbers, use the spoken word.	4 to the 2nd equals 16 3 to the 3rd equals 27 The square root of 4 equals 2 x to the nth equals 25
Negative Numbers	If not shown on screen, for all mathematical notations involving negative numbers, use the spoken word.	3 minus 4 equals negative 1.
Trigonometric Functions	Spell out all trigonometric functions, do not abbreviate.	sine (sounds like sign) cosine tangent secant cosecant cotangent
Fractions	For all mathematical notations involving fractions, transcribe the spoken word.	1 plus 1 and two-thirds equals x.
Variables	All mathematical variables (a, b, c, x, y, etc.) should be written lowercase unless shown in the video or specifically spoken by the instructor as uppercase.	Spoken: Um, e to the 2 pi i k, m minus n divided by capital N. On screen: e 2 π i k (m - n) / N Transcribe as: e to the 2 pi i k (m – n) / N
Scientific Terminology, proper names	Research name or term to ensure proper spelling. Simply input the phonetic spelling of the term into your favorite search engine to check spelling. Transcribe your best guess and append the word with /g if you are not sure.	Leibniz notation
Professor writing on board	If the speaker makes noise while, Flipping pages, Writing on a board or projector screen, Or any typing noises and all else is silent for 2 or more seconds, transcribe as [BLANK_AUDIO].	Spoken: If we want to minimize J of theta (writes on board for 5 seconds) then we’ll need to take the derivative On screen: J(θ) = Transcribe as: If we want to minimize J(theta), [BLANK_AUDIO] Then we’ll need to take the derivative

Section Eight: Computers & Software

Capture the audio content of the HIT in your transcript, use the video to guide your formatting of any buttons, tabs, or other elements of the computer interface.

Rule	Instruction	Example
Shift	Shift	Shift-click to select all of the files in the folder
Alt (And other keyboard combinations)	Alt	If it Sounds like : Hold alt, control, delete. Transcribe like this:  Hold Alt+Ctrl+Delete
Option	Option	Option+N creates the ñ character.
Command	Cmd	Press Cmd+Z (Mac) to undo the last action.
Control	Ctrl	Press Ctrl+Z (Windows) to undo the last action.
Enter or Return	Enter or Return	Then hit Enter.
Arrow up / arrow down	Arrow up or arrow down	Press the arrow up or arrow down keys to increase or decrease the pen diameter.
Comma	Spell out symbol keys like “comma”	Press Ctrl+comma to increase the brush size.
“Dot” and File names	When a speaker says “dot” DO NOT spell it out, transcribe it with a period. Transcribe the final version of the file name as it appears on screen.	My email address is [e-mail]. Spoken: I’ve uploaded the image dot P N G file. Transcribe as: I’ve uploaded the image.png file.
Space bar	Space bar
F three (or any function key)	Transcribe as the letter and numeral	F3
Double-click	double-click	Double-click the border symbol to open it in symbol editing mode.
OK button	Follow the spelling and formatting shown on screen in the computer interface. e.g. Capitalize words that are shown as capitalized in the computer interface. Only use this spelling, OK, when referring to the computer command.	I'm gonna go to the Emulate tab, select Mobile Devices option, then click OK.
CamelCase and code formatting (Writing compound words or phrases so that each word begins with a capital letter.)	Follow on-screen formatting in computer-related HITs. If a line of computer programming code shows specific spacing, capitalization, and punctuation, use the same in your transcript.	I will be using PowerPoint today. Use the onCreate method.
Software names	All software and company names must be spelled correctly. If you are not sure, look it up to find correct spelling and formatting.	Spoken: V M ware was the first company to successfully virtualize the x eighty-six architecture. Transcribe as: VMware was the first company to successfully virtualize the x86 architecture.
File Path Instructions	When the speaker instructs the user to go to a menu or to press a certain combination of keys, use the following conventions, with a space on either side of the “>”.	Spoken: Go to File, then Documents, then Open. Transcribe as: Go to File > Documents > Open

 

Section Nine: Internet & Contact Information

Rule	Instruction	Example
Spelling a Name, Address, Word, etc.	If a speaker spells out a last name or street or something, indicate the recitation of letters with hyphens in between each letter.	My name is Christina, C-H-R-I-S-T-I-N-A.
Internet	Internet must always be capitalized.	You must have a stable Internet connection to work on Mturk.
URLs	Transcribe the final web address even if the speaker has completely spelled it out.	Spoken: You can find us at W S J dot com. Transcribe as: You can find us at WSJ.com
Emails	Transcribe the final email address even if the speaker has completely spelled it out.	Spoken: My email is J O H N dot D O E at g mail dot com. Transcribe as: My email is [e-mail].
Telephone Number	Transcribe the final telephone number in digits and dashes form.	My cell number is (123)-444-5555.
IP Addresses	Transcribe the final IP address in digits and periods form.	98.182.30.194
Hashtags	If used as a word in a sentence, spell out the word hashtag. If used in the format #blablabla use the pound sign, #	Contact me at the hashtag shown below. Spoken: What’s your opinion? Let us know at hashtag cielo24. Transcribe as: What’s your opinion? Let us know at #cielo24.
Twitter handles	Use the at sign, @, when someone references their twitter handle	Find me on Twitter @AshleyEsqueda.